A solid material can be amorphous, crystalline, or combination of the two. An amorphous material is one with no discernable orientation for its atoms or molecules; they are arranged in a random fashion. Crystals on the other hand are arranged in a specific pattern, which is repeatable and predictable. A material may also be a combination of amorphous and crystal structure; this material could be crystalline in one area, and amorphous in another, or islands of crystalline arrangements which are randomly distributed in an amorphous system. The thermodynamic state affects the structure of a material which in turn affects its properties. Variations in the thermodynamic state of a material thus lead to variations in its properties. Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), one can better understand phase transitions and reactions in materials, and how they contribute to the properties and characteristics of the material.

 

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1. DSC profile. in this profile, exothermic heat flow is measured versus temperature.

2. DSC profile. Here the endothermic heat flow is measured is versus temperature.