Until the 20th century hydrological data was collected through ground observation around the world. But this was difficult in hard to approach areas and in the long term. In 2002 NASA launched twin satellites named GRACE with the purpose of creating a reliable and easy method of observation. The two satellites in the same orbital plane detect the change in speed relative to one another, and calculate the gravity at a point. The change in gravity at the point is due to change in the amount of water (surface water, groundwater, soil moisture, snow)(Tapley et al., 2004a). Thus, it should be possible to utilize data from GRACE satellites to calculate change in water supply around the world. This work utilizes data from GRACE satellites to calculate change in water supply in the Korean peninsula.
This work used gravity data provided by The University of Texas at Austin, Center for Space Research(CSR) (level-2), and calculated the water supply in the Korean peninsula area in each average radius (0, 300km, 500km).
To validate the result, it was compared to water supply data gathered through ground observation (land-base TWSC). To calculate change in the water supply using data derived from hydrological observations a different formula was used. Rainfall and evaporation data was gathered from WAMIS, and water flow data was gained from GLDAS.
Change in water supply based on GRACE observations and other observation based change in water supply was verified by the square root of the average value and this showed that the average radius of 500km provided the most suitable value for the Korean peninsula. Table 1 shows change in water supply in the Korean peninsula. According to data over 95 months, from 2002 August to 2010 June, with average radius of 500km all over the Korean peninsula, showed average change in water supply to be 0.988cm/month. The opinion is that areas with bigger difference in water supply requires a means of securing reliable source of water.
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