경제학 고수님들 ㅠㅠ 늦은밤에 죄송합니다 ㅠㅠㅠㅠㅠ

몇시간뒤에 제출(중간고사 대처)해야하는 과제 인데 

1번 문제 도저히 뭔말인지 뭘 어떻게 답해야 하는건지 도무지 감이 안옵니다 ㅠㅠㅠㅠㅠㅠ 으아 ㅠㅠ

염치없지만 고수님이 계시다면 도움을 청해봐도 될까요 ㅠㅠ